Site n'ịgbakwụnye ụfọdụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-eme ka ígwè na-agbanye ígwè, a pụrụ inweta ígwè nkedo alloy nwere nguzogide corrosion dị elu na ụfọdụ mgbasa ozi. Igwe nkedo silicon dị elu bụ otu n'ime ihe a na-ejikarị eme ihe. A na-akpọ usoro ihe nkedo alloy nwere 10% ruo 16% silicon cast irons dị elu. Ewezuga ụdị ole na ole nwere silicon 10% ruo 12%, ọdịnaya silicon na-adịkarị site na 14% ruo 16%. Mgbe ọdịnaya silicon na-erughị 14.5%, enwere ike imeziwanye ihe eji arụ ọrụ, mana nguzogide corrosion na-ebelata nke ukwuu. Ọ bụrụ na ọdịnaya silicon ahụ ruru ihe karịrị 18%, n'agbanyeghị na ọ na-eguzogide corrosion, alloy na-aghọ nke na-akụkụ nke ukwuu na ọ naghị adabara nkedo. Ya mere, nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe na ụlọ ọrụ bụ nnukwu silicon cast iron nwere 14.5% ruo 15% silicon. [1]
Aha ahia mba ofesi nke igwe nkedo silicon dị elu bụ Duriron na Durichlor (nwere molybdenum), na ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ ha dị ka egosiri na tebụl dị n'okpuru.
| ihe nlereanya | Isi ihe mejupụtara kemịkalụ,% | ||||||
| silicon | molybdenum | chromium | manganese | sọlfọ | phosphorus | ígwè | |
| Igwe nkedo silicon dị elu | 14.25 | - | - | 0.50 ~ 0.56 | 0.05 | 0.1 | Nọgidenụ |
| Molybdenum nwere nnukwu ihe nkedo silicon | 14.25 | 〉3 | 少量 | 0.65 | 0.05 | 0.1 | Nọgidenụ |
Nguzogide corrosion
Ihe mere ígwè nkedo silicon dị elu nwere ọdịnaya silicon nke karịrị 14% nwere ezigbo nguzogide corrosion bụ na silicon na-emepụta ihe nkiri nchebe nke anaghị eguzogide corrosion.
N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, ígwè nkedo silicon dị elu nwere ezigbo nguzogide corrosion na mgbasa ozi oxidizing na ụfọdụ acid na-ebelata. Ọ nwere ike iguzogide ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị iche iche na ntinye nke nitric acid, sulfuric acid, acetic acid, hydrochloric acid na okpomọkụ nkịtị, acid fatty na ọtụtụ mgbasa ozi ndị ọzọ. corrosion. Ọ naghị eguzogide corrosion site na mgbasa ozi dịka oke okpomọkụ hydrochloric acid, sulfurous acid, hydrofluoric acid, halogen, caustic alkali solution na alkali gbazere. Ihe kpatara enweghị nkwụsị nke corrosion bụ na ihe nkiri nchebe n'elu na-aghọ ihe soluble n'okpuru omume nke caustic alkali, na-aghọ gasous n'okpuru omume nke hydrofluoric acid, nke na-ebibi ihe nkiri nchebe.
Ngwa igwe
Igwe nkedo silicon dị elu siri ike na nke na-akụkpọ nkụ na-enwekwa akụrụngwa na-adịghị mma. Ọ kwesịrị izere mmetụta na-ebu ma enweghị ike iji mee arịa nrụgide. Enweghị ike ịme nkedo n'ozuzu ma ọ bụghị ichi ihe.
Ịrụ ọrụ igwe
Ịtinye ụfọdụ ihe na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe nkedo silicon dị elu nwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ ya. Ịgbakwunye ala magnesium alloy na-adịghị ahụkebe na ígwè nkedo silicon dị elu nwere 15% silicon nwere ike ime ka ọ dị ọcha na degas, melite nhazi matrix nke ígwè nkedo, na spheroidize graphite, si otú ahụ na-eme ka ike dịkwuo elu, nkwụsị corrosion na nhazi nhazi nke ígwè nkedo; n'ihi na nkedo arụmọrụ abawanyela. Na mgbakwunye na egweri, nkedo nke silicon a dị elu nwekwara ike ịtụgharị, pịa, gwuo ya, ma rụzie ya n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ. Otú ọ dị, ọ ka na-adịghị adabara na mberede jụrụ na mberede kpo oku; Nguzogide corrosion ya dị mma karịa nke ígwè nkedo silicon dị elu nkịtị. , ndị na-emegharị mgbasa ozi bụ isi iyi.
Ịtinye 6.5% na 8.5% ọla kọpa na akwa silicon nkedo ígwè nwere 13.5% ruo 15% silicon nwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ igwe. Nguzogide corrosion yiri nke ígwè nkedo silicon dị elu, mana ọ ka njọ na nitric acid. Ihe a dị mma maka ịme mgbapụta mgbapụta na aka uwe na-eguzogide ọgwụ siri ike na iyi. Enwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ nke igwe site na ibelata ọdịnaya silicon yana ịgbakwunye ihe ndị na-eme ka ọ bụrụ ihe na-ekpo ọkụ. Ịgbakwunye chromium, ọla kọpa na ihe ndị na-adịghị ahụkebe na silicon nkedo ígwè nwere 10% ruo 12% silicon (a na-akpọ ọkara ferrosilicon) nwere ike imeziwanye nhịkọ na nhazi ya. Enwere ike ịtụgharị ya, gwuo ya, ịkụ aka, wdg, na n'ọtụtụ mgbasa ozi, nkwụsị nke corrosion ka dị nso na nke nnukwu silicon nkedo ígwè.
Na ọkara-silicon nkedo ígwè nwere silicon ọdịnaya nke 10% ka 11%, gbakwunyere 1% ka 2.5% molybdenum, 1.8% ka 2.0% ọla kọpa na 0.35% obere ụwa ọcha, machining arụmọrụ na-mma, na ọ nwere ike tụgharịa na. na-eguzogide ọgwụ. Nguzogide corrosion yiri nke ígwè nkedo silicon dị elu. Omume egosila na a na-eji ụdị nkedo a eme ihe dị ka onye na-eme ka mgbapụta nitric acid na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta sulfuric acid mgbasa ozi maka ihicha chlorine, na mmetụta dị oke mma.
Igwe nkedo silicon dị elu a kpọtụrụ aha n'elu enweghị nguzogide na-adịghị mma maka corrosion hydrochloric acid. N'ozuzu, ha nwere ike iguzogide corrosion na hydrochloric acid dị ala na okpomọkụ ụlọ. Iji kwalite nguzogide corrosion nke nnukwu silicon cast iron na hydrochloric acid (karịsịa hydrochloric acid na-ekpo ọkụ), enwere ike ịbawanye ọdịnaya molybdenum. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, ịgbakwụnye 3% ruo 4% molybdenum na nnukwu silicon nkedo ígwè nwere ọdịnaya silicon nke 14% ruo 16% nwere ike nweta Molybdenum nke nwere nnukwu silicon nkedo ga-emepụta ihe nkiri nchebe molybdenum oxychloride n'elu nkedo n'okpuru. ọrụ nke hydrochloric acid. Ọ na-esighi ike na hydrochloric acid, si otú a na-abawanye ike ya iguzogide corrosion hydrochloric acid na oke okpomọkụ. Nguzogide corrosion na-agbanwe agbanwe na mgbasa ozi ndị ọzọ. A na-akpọkwa ígwè nkedo a nwere silicon dị elu ígwè nkedo na-eguzogide chlorine. [1]
Nhazi igwe nkedo silicon dị elu
Igwe nkedo silicon dị elu nwere uru nke ịdị elu siri ike (HRC=45) yana ezigbo nguzogide corrosion. A na-eji ya dị ka ihe maka n'ibu akara esemokwu abụọ na mmepụta kemịkal. Ebe ọ bụ na nkedo ígwè nwere 14-16% silicon, siri ike na kenkuwa, enwere ụfọdụ ihe isi ike n'ichepụta ya. Otú ọ dị, site na omume na-aga n'ihu, egosipụtara na ígwè nkedo silicon dị elu ka nwere ike ịmepụta n'okpuru ọnọdụ ụfọdụ.
A na-edozi ígwè nkedo silicon dị elu na lathe, a na-achịkwa ọsọ spindle na 70 ~ 80 rpm, na nri ngwá ọrụ bụ 0.01 mm. Tupu atụgharị n'ike, akụkụ ihe nkedo ahụ ga-alarịrị. Ọnụ ego kachasị elu maka ntụgharị siri ike bụ 1.5 ruo 2 mm maka workpiece.
Ihe na-atụgharị isi ngwá ọrụ bụ YG3, na ngwá ọrụ azuokokoosisi bụ ngwá ọrụ ígwè.
Nduzi nke igbutu na-atụgharị. N'ihi na nkedo nke silicon dị elu na-agbaji nke ọma, a na-eme ka ịkpụ ahụ site n'èzí ruo n'ime dịka ihe n'ozuzu ya si dị. N'ikpeazụ, a ga-akụ akụkụ nkuku na akụkụ ya, na-eme ka a kpochapụ ihe ọrụ ahụ. Dị ka omume si dị, enwere ike iji mbelata azụ azụ iji zere ịkụcha na ịkụcha, na njedebe ikpeazụ nke mma ọkụ kwesịrị ịdị ntakịrị.
N'ihi ike siri ike nke ígwè nkedo silicon dị elu, isi nkwụsị nke ngwá ọrụ ntụgharị dị iche na ngwá ọrụ ntụgharị nkịtị, dị ka e gosiri na foto dị n'aka nri. Ụdị ngwá ọrụ ntụgharị atọ dị na foto a nwere akụkụ rake na-adịghị mma. Isi nkwụsị nke isi na njedebe nke abụọ nke ngwá ọrụ ntụgharị nwere akụkụ dị iche iche dịka ojiji dị iche iche si dị. Foto a na-egosi ngwá ọrụ ntụgharị okirikiri dị n'ime na nke mpụga, akụkụ mgbapụ isi A=10°, na akụkụ mgbagha nke abụọ B=30°. Foto b na-egosi ngwá ọrụ ntụgharị ngwụcha, isi nbibi A=39°, na akụkụ mbelata nke abụọ B=6°. Ọgụgụ C na-egosi ngwá ọrụ ntụgharị bevel, isi ihe ngbanwe = 6°.
A na-edozi oghere n'ime igwe nkedo silicon dị elu na igwe na-agwụ ike. Ọsọ spindle bụ 25 ruo 30 rpm na ọnụọgụ nri bụ 0.09 ruo 0.13 mm. Ọ bụrụ na dayameta nke mkpọpu ihe dị 18 ruo 20 mm, jiri ígwè ọrụ nwere ike dị elu gwerie oghere gburugburu. (Grove ekwesịghị ịdị omimi). A mpempe YG3 carbide na-agbakwunyere na akuakuzinwo bit isi na ala na n'akuku kwesịrị ekwesị maka mkpọpu ihe n'ozuzu ihe, ya mere mkpọpu ala nwere ike rụrụ ozugbo. Dịka ọmụmaatụ, mgbe ị na-egwupụta oghere nke karịrị 20 mm, ị nwere ike ibu ụzọ gwuo oghere 18 ruo 20, wee mee ka ọkpụkpụ dị ka nha achọrọ. A na-etinye isi ihe ọkụkụ ahụ na mpempe abụọ nke carbide (a na-eji ihe YG3 eme ihe), wee gbadaa n'ime ọkara okirikiri. Gbasaa oghere ma ọ bụ jiri saber tụgharịa ya.
ngwa
N'ihi nguzogide corrosion acid ya dị elu, igwe nkedo silicon dị elu ejirila ya mee ihe maka nchebe corrosion kemịkalụ. Kacha ahụkarị ọkwa bụ STSil5, nke tumadi na-eji na-emepụta acid-eguzogide centrifugal nfuli, ọkpọkọ, ụlọ elu, okpomọkụ Exchangers, containers, valves na cocks, wdg.
N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, ígwè nkedo silicon dị elu na-akụkpọ nkụ, ya mere a ghaghị ịkpachara anya n'oge ntinye, na-arụzi, na ojiji. Ejila hama kụọ ya n'oge echichi; mgbakọ ga-abụ ihe ziri ezi iji zere itinye uche na nchekasị mpaghara; Mgbanwe dị egwu na ọdịiche okpomọkụ ma ọ bụ kpo oku mpaghara ka amachibidoro nke ọma n'oge arụ ọrụ, karịsịa mgbe ịmalite, nkwụsị ma ọ bụ ihicha, ọkụ ọkụ na oyi na-agba ga-adị nwayọọ; ọ dịghị mma ka eji mee ihe dị ka ngwá ọrụ nrụgide.
Enwere ike ịme ya n'ime nfuli centrifugal dị iche iche na-eguzogide corrosion, Nessler agụụ nfuli, cocks, valves, pụrụ iche ekara ọkpọkọ na ọkpọkọ ọkpọkọ, ọkpọkọ, venturi ogwe aka, cyclone separators, denitrification ụlọ elu na ịcha ọcha ụlọ elu, itinye ọkụ ọkụ na tupu ịsa igwe, wdg Na mmepụta nke nitric acid na-etinye uche, okpomọkụ nke nitric acid dị elu dị ka 115 ruo 170 ° C mgbe ejiri ya dị ka kọlụm na-apụ apụ. Mgbapụta nitric acid centrifugal gbanyere mkpọrọgwụ na-ejikwa nitric acid nwere ntinye ruru 98%. A na-eji ya dị ka ihe mgbanwe okpomọkụ na ụlọ elu juru n'ọnụ maka ngwakọta acid nke sulfuric acid na nitric acid, ọ dịkwa mma. Igwe ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ maka mmanụ ụgbọala na mmepụta ihe, acetic anhydride distillation Tower na benzene distillation ụlọ elu maka mmepụta triacetate cellulose, acid nfuli maka glacial acetic acid mmepụta na mmiri mmiri sulfuric acid mmepụta, yana dị iche iche acid ma ọ bụ nnu ngwọta nfuli na cocks, wdg, bụ. niile eji na elu-arụmọrụ ngwa. Silicon nkedo ígwè.
Igwe nkedo ọla kọpa dị elu (GT alloy) na-eguzogide corrosion alkali na sulfuric acid, mana ọ bụghị corrosion nitric acid. Ọ nwere nguzogide alkali dị mma karịa aluminom nkedo ígwè na akwa mkpuchi mkpuchi. Enwere ike iji ya na nfuli, impellers na bushings nke na-emebi emebi nke ukwuu ma bụrụkwa nke na-eyi slurry.
Oge nzipu: Mee-30-2024
